ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the related factors which affect the prognosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients and provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods One hundred and thirty-four TBI patients were selected from May 2017 to April 2018 in the Department of Neurosurgery of Wuwei Liangzhou Hospital.Death and discharge were used as endpoint events.The patients were divided into survival group (n =103) and death group (n =31) according to their prognosis.The abbreviated injury scale (AIS),glasgow coma scale (GCS),vital signs,thrombelastography,coagulation function and Chinese DIC scoring system (CDSS) of the patients at the time of admission was completed.The measurement data were compared with the t test,the count data were compared with chi-square test and logistic regression was used for multivariate regression analysis.Results The AIS was (4.7 ± 0.9) scores,CDSS was (7.8 ± 1.1) scores,GCS was (5.8 ± 1.4) scores,the R time of thrombelastography was (15.1 ± 5.6) min in death group.The AIS was (4.3 ± 0.8) scores,CDSS was (6.6 ± 0.6) scores,GCS was (8.6 ± 1.7) scores,the R time of thrombelastography was (8.6 ± 3.4) min in survival group.Single factor analysis showed that the AIS and CDSS were higher,GCS was lower and the R time of thrombelastography was longer in death group than in survival group,and there were statistical differences between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that GCS,CDSS and R time were the independent risk factors of the prognosis of TBI patients.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves of GCS,CDSS and R time were 0.731,0.648 and 0.635,respectively.Conclusion GCS,CDSS and R time can be used as predictive risk factors for prognosis of TBI patients.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: It has been verified pharmacologically that honokiol (HL) and magnolol (ML) have distinct effects on central inhibition and muscle relaxation, and some reports prove that they can relieve morphine withdrawal symptoms in animals.OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of HL and ML on β-endorphin (β-EP) in relieving morphine withdrawal symptoms in rats.DESIGN: Randomized controlled study.SETTING: Pharmacological Department, the Medical School of Hubei national College.PARTICIPANTS: The experiment was conducted from 13 to 29 April,2003. Among 100 adult male SD rats, 30 rats as control group were randomly divided into three subgroups: saline group, HL group and ML group with 10 in each group. The other 70 rats as morphine-dependent group were divided into normal saline group, 5, 40 and 80 mg/kg HL and ML groups with 10 in each group.METHODS: 0.2 mL normal saline, 80 mg/kg HL and 80 mg/kg ML were injected intraperitoneally into rats in control group. The dose of morphine subcutaneously injected was increased in the rats in morphine-dependent group for 6 days to establish the model of acute morphine dependence and model of natural morphine withdrawal symptoms. The last injection was performed at 9:00 on the morning of day 6, and the intraperitoneal injection was performed at 10:30 on the same morning. 0.2 mL normal saline was injected into the rats of saline group. 5, 40 and 80 mg/kg HL and 5,40 and 80 mg/kg ML were given to rats in the other six groups, respectively. Starting from 11:00, half an hour later, all natural morphine withdrawal symptoms were observed in rats within an hour.compared among rats in the 7 morphine-dependent subgroups.control groups than in normal saline group (P ＜ 0.01), and HL group had higher β-EP level than ML group (P ＜ 0.05). β-EP level was obviously lower in morphine-dependent+saline groups than in control+saline groups (P ＜ 0.01).β-EP level in morphine-dependent+5, 40 and 80 mg/kg HL groups and in morphine-dependent+5, 40 and 80 mg/kg ML groups was obviously higher Scores of natural morphine withdrawal symptoms in rats of morphine-dependent group: Scores of wetshakes, penile licking, escape attempts, and weight lost in HL and ML subgroups were obviously lower than those in saline group (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: HL and ML can markedly restrain morphine withdrawal symptoms and this restraint is related to the increase of β-EP level in the brain. HL and ML have equal inhibitory effects on morphine-dependent rats, but HL is more effective than ML in normal rats.